Sleeping
warm is one of the factors that can make or break a cold weather
adventure. Remember the body cools down during sleep and the blood
is drawn from the extremities (feet and hands) to the center or
core of the body, so proper insulation must be provided to prevent
heat loss.
To stay
warm and get a good night's sleep on your next camping or backpacking
trip, try some or all of the tips below:
1. Keep hydrated during the day and avoid drinking lots of fluids
at night, so you won’t have to go to the bathroom in the middle
of the night.
2. If you must go, use a pee bottle, it’s better than exposing
yourself to the elements. Just make sure you label the bottle!
Besides, holding it in requires your body to waste energy (calories)
trying to heat up the water in your bladder to 98.6 degrees.
3. Eat a big dinner with lots of calories. Calories are a unit
of heat, without them the furnace won’t burn hot.
4. Keep a snack with you for the middle of the night, so if you
do wake up cold you can replenish lost calories and warm back
up again. (Editor's note: in bear
country, always keep foods safely stored in air tight containers
- away from tents - to avoid attacks.)
5. Go to bed warm. Warm up by taking a brief hike around camp
or doing some jumping jacks. If you wrap a frozen salmon in
a sleeping bag, will it stay frozen? Yes, because your sleeping
bag will insulate cold or heat, just like a Thermos.
6. Select a protected campsite out of the wind and off the valley
floor and other low areas where cold air settles. A good rule
is to be about 50 feet above the valley floor.
7. Fluff up your sleeping bag with vigor to gain maximum loft
before you climb in.
8. Use a good insulating pad between you and the ground. Studies
show that what you have under you is more important in keeping
you warm than what's on top of you.
9. Wear a stocking hat to bed, you lose most of your body heat
through your head.
10. Keep your nose and mouth outside your sleeping bag.
Your breath contains a great deal of moisture that can cause dampness
to collect in the bag as you sleep. To keep your face warm, wear
a balaclava or wrap a scarf around your face.
11. Roll the moisture out of your bag each morning when you get
up (roll from foot to head), then leave it open until it cools
to air temperature. If weather permits, set it out to dry.
12. Use a layered sleeping system (i.e. sleeping bag, liner, half
bag, bivy sack). A layered system helps to remove the frost
buildup that naturally occurs when your body warmth meets the
cold air (a concern if you’re staying out multiple nights).
13. Avoid overheating at night and make sure you go to bed dry.
Being too warm produces perspiration, so vent your bag if needed
or take off your stocking hat.
14. Make sure your feet are as dry as possible before going to
bed. This can be done by having a pair of dry sleeping socks
or polarguard booties in your bag for sleeping only. Also, you
can “dry” wash your feet with a good foot powder that contains
aluminum chlorohydrate, which helps dry the skin and reduce
perspiration.
15. Use a “sleeping suit”, which is a clean and dry pair of long
underwear stored in your sleeping bag.
16. Wear loose fitting clothing to bed so it doesn’t restrict
circulation.
17. Keep your sleeping gear clean. Dirt clogs air spaces in the
material and reduces insulation value making it harder to stay
warm.
18. If you have cold feet, sleep with your feet together in an
elephant foot or half bag. It’s a bag that uses the principle
of the buddy system, where the feet share heat instead of being
isolated, much like mittens are warmer than gloves. The bag
slips over your feet and legs and then drawstrings pull it shut
or you could just use a fleece jacket wrapped around the same
area.
19. Fill a water bottle with hot water before you go to bed and
then strategically place it at any cold spots in your sleeping
bag. Just make sure it has a screw on lid like the Nalgene bottles.
A variation of this is to use disposable heater packs or hand
warmers, which costs a little extra money. Or, in the old days
they would take some heated rocks from around the campfire and
place them in a wool sock. Just make sure they're not too hot.
(Editor's note: If using this old-fashioned method to keep warm, make sure that the rocks are completely dry before heating. Trapped steam may cause so much outward pressure that the rocks may explode.)
20. Finally the old stand by...to stay warm snuggle up to someone
or use the Buddy System (share warmth with others).
About
the Author...
Greg Rouse has been teaching wilderness sports and emergency response
at the university and college level for over a decade.